Black holes, Hawking radiation, and Eddington limit.

"Black hole accretion disks emit varying light due to the black hole’s spin, recent simulations indicate. This new insight could help explain the variable brightness of these cosmic phenomena. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Black Hole Spins Unravel the Mystery of Ultraluminous Light)

"Gas swirling around black holes forms disks that are among the most effective energy converters in the universe, emitting light and jets of plasma. Recent simulations have shown that as black holes spin, these disks can wobble, changing the direction of what they emit." (ScitechDaily, Black Hole Spins Unravel the Mystery of Ultraluminous Light)

Superluminous plasma orbits black holes. That plasma has a higher temperature and higher luminosity than the Eddington mass limit allows. The problem with the Eddington mass limit is that it is made for "regular stars," and nuclear reactions start from inside it. The black hole inside the transition disk is like a vacuum. 

It pulls energy inside it, and the superstrong gravity effect keeps the disk in its form. Regular stars transmit much energy in the infrared and visible light forms. The black holes send lots of gamma- and X-ray radiation that has another type of effect on the material disk. X- and gamma-rays are the result of high-energy reactions near the black hole or its event horizon. 

The X- and gamma rays transfer less energy to the transition disk than IR radiation. The IR radiation transfers lots of energy to the material. That means that the IR radiation breaks the form of material very effectively because it increases the free energy in the system. A black hole forms an energy dump that pulls free energy away from the material disk. And that's why a black hole's material disk will not follow the Eddington mass limit. 

Another thing is that the black hole's gravity and other energy fields are denser than any other object. A black hole is the only object in the universe that puts photons to orbit it. That means the black hole can form spiral light. When the photons escape from the space around the spin axle near the black hole's event horizon. Those photons can travel out from the black hole's gravity field to form a spiral-shaped structure or spiral light. 

When we think about things like Hawking radiation that can destroy black holes, we face another little problem. When we think that a gravity wave is the thing that decreases the mass of the black hole, the question is: what launches those gravity waves? Does Hawking radiation turn into gravity waves when it reaches the event horizon? 

In that model, the black hole is like an onion. Full of shells that formed from gravity waves or internal gravity fields. If we think that the gravity wave is the shell of the black hole, The event horizon is the point where the gravity field pulls a photon inside a black hole. 

When a black hole sends gravity waves, it sends one of its shells away. That thing can release photons that are just below the event horizon. The Hawking radiation is hypothetical radiation that is left from black holes. That radiation can also boost the photon's energy level. 

But how does Hawking radiation come from inside the event horizon? If nothing can escape from the black hole? The answer could be in another still hypothetical particle called Tachyon, the hypothetical faster-than-light particle. 

Albert Einstein believed that gravity was only a feature of spacetime. That means the tachyon can also be one feature of an electron or photon. When a black hole pulls fields inside it, the photon must travel against the field or wave movement. 

That could make it possible for photons or even particles with mass to cross virtually the speed of light. That happens when it travels against some field or wave movement. That means the black hole could form tauyons. 

If escaping velocity is the same as the speed of light and there comes some kind of energy impulse from inside the gravity field, that impact can send photons to travel against that falling field. This means the photon can create a hole in the gravity field. 

If a gravity field is the thing that acts like all other fields, there could be similar shadows that form in electromagnetic fields. This means that if tachyon is real, it can form a hole in the gravity field. And that hole makes it possible for photons to flee from that powerful gravity field. 

That means that black holes should also form gravity tornadoes. Those spiral-shaped gravity waves are things. That is forming an idea of the wormhole. The gravity tornado is the hole in the Higgs field. The Higgs field is the energy field that forms the universe. 

https://www.britannica.com/science/Eddington-mass-limit

https://scitechdaily.com/black-hole-spins-unravel-the-mystery-of-ultraluminous-light/

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddington_limit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddington_luminosity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyon

Tachyon engine (Can tachyon be real part II)?

Tachyons can explain many things. But those particles and theories. Those who are connected to them require. That somebody proves their existence. Until that tachyons remain hypothetical particles. How can tachyon violate natural laws? In some versions of tachyon theories tachyons were particles that formed before material.  

In some other versions, tachyons can form when particles and moving energy fields impact speed faster than light. Maybe things like black holes can form tachyons. If tachyons are real those particles can form holes that bring energy from the past to the present. But when we look at articles on tachyons there are sequentially articles that support- and articles that deny the tachyon's existence. 

Tachyons challenge the existence. The existence of a tachyon doesn't mean that it exists to us. It's possible. That tachyon is so high energy particle that it simply cannot exchange information with 3D material. So that means tachyons exist but they are meaningless to us. Some researchers believe in tachyons. Some others don't believe in their existence. 

It's possible. That tachyon is the state of the particle. When a particle travels in an electromagnetic vacuum its speed will be higher than it's in the medium. That means that if the system uses the electron row the electrons travel precisely in the same line. That thing makes it possible to create a channel where the particle can travel faster than light travels outside the channel. 

The system could theoretically create electromagnetic shadows by aiming very powerful light past the particles that are trapped in frames. Electromagnetic shadows can form channels where the particles that the system should turn tachyons will be shot. Then that channel creates the electromagnetic wormhole and if those particles shoot in a row through those shadows that could turn this vacuum so deep that it can pull the craft in it. 

The tachyon engine is possible only if the tachyon exists. There is the possibility that things like miniature black holes can accelerate particles to a speed that is virtually higher than the speed of light. But if tachyons exist those engines are possible, if they can trap or produce tachyons. 

In theory, the tachyon engine shoots tachyons forward. In those models, tachyons form the vacuum at the forward of the craft. The idea is that those very high-speed particles create channels in the electromagnetic field or Higgs field. And then those channels pull craft into them. And that thing can be used to create tachyons. 

Theoretical developers have made many models for hypothetical interstellar spacecraft.  In some models in the middle of the craft would be the antimatter reaction, or, annihilation chamber. That thing creates the particle flow backward. 

But it can also have a nanotechnical structure at forward that allows particles to hit into it. That structure increases the thrust. But it can also used to create electromagnetic shadows or electromagnetic voids ahead of that craft. Those shadows can pull the craft forward. 

In some other models, the system creates a small, artificial black hole where it shoots those particles. Those black holes and particles that travel in them create the channels that can pull craft forward. But those kinds of engines and systems are far away in the future. 

https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a43012202/tachyon-particle-time-travel/

https://scitechdaily.com/faster-than-a-speeding-photon-how-tachyons-challenge-modern-physics/

https://www.space.com/tachyons-facts-about-particles

https://www.space.com/tachyon-time-travel-relativity

Can Tachyon be real?

"Tachyons are hypothetical particles that move faster than the speed of light and travel backwards through time. (Image credit: Yuichiro Chino via Getty Images)" (Space.com, Tachyons: Facts about these faster-than-light particles)

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Article from Space.com. 

"Traveling faster than light and time-travel could be real for tachyons. If one thing science fiction excels at, it's allowing us to marvel at the breaking of the physical laws of the universe. We watch and read in wonder as the warp engines of the starship Enterprise push it to beyond the speed of light, or as Barry or Wally  —  whoever is carrying the name of the Flash at the time  —  does the same in no more than a pair of yellow boots. " (Space.com, Tachyons: Facts about these faster-than-light particles)

"Likewise, we enjoy tales of adventurers like the Doctor, or Doc Brown, using weird seemingly antiquated machinery to violate the laws of causality. What if there was a fundamental particle that could do all these things? Moving faster than light like the Flash, and traveling back through time without the need for a TARDIS or a Delorian or yellow boots. " (Space.com, Tachyons: Facts about these faster-than-light particles)

"That’s a tachyon. But make no mistake, these particles aren’t just the idling's of science fiction writers. Tachyons are the stuff of "hard" science. " (Space.com, Tachyons: Facts about these faster-than-light particles)

https://www.space.com/tachyons-facts-about-particles

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Tachyon is a theoretical faster-than-light particle. And it's a mystery. It should exist.  There are theories that tachyons formed before material. In some other models, the black hole can form tachyons. That happens when particles travel against a field that falls into the black hole. 

But it's harder to see than any other particle. In models, the tachyon moves in the higher dimension. And this makes it unable to exchange information with 3D particles. 

This means that the dimension is the limit to the difference in energy levels. If the difference between the energy levels of two particles is high enough, they are unable to exchange information. 

Tachyon cannot interact with 3D material. Because of its energy level is so high. The interaction time between tachyon and other particles is so short, that we cannot notice it. 

When the tachyon starts to interact the lower energy particle pulls it into a 3D universe. In that model, tachyon transforms into photons or some other bosons. This means that when we see a tachyon it transforms into some other particle. 

Tachyon is an interesting particle because if something travels faster than light, it starts to travel back in time. When we think about the tachyon. And its relationship with another hypothetical particle called: graviton the missing gravity transportation particle we can understand tachyons better. 

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There is the possibility, that also hypothetical graviton particle is the tachyon tail that forms the channel. That channel is the quasiparticle-like exciton. In that model, the graviton is a quasiparticle that is the channel behind the tachyon. 

In some theories tachyon and graviton are the same thing. If a tachyon exists and it travels faster-than-light it leaves the pothole or channel behind it. That channel forms an exciton-type quasiparticle that pulls a quantum field or information into it. But proving that thing requires the existence of a tachyon. 

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The idea is that the graviton which could be a small- or quantum-size black hole falls through the universe into the past. If the escaping velocity is higher than the speed of light, that causes that particle or object to start to travel back in time. When an object travels back in time, it creates a hole in the spacetime. And we see that thing as a black hole.

Then the photon can fall into that hole. The quantum-size black hole makes the channel where photons can fall. The side-coming energy presses the photon and raises its energy level higher than it should be. In that model, the quantum-size black hole turns the photon into the tachyon. The quantum-size black hole itself pulls photons into the channel where it start to travel into the past. 

When some particle travels in that kind of tunnel or wormhole the side coming energy pushes it to the shape of spaghetti. When the speed of the particle closes the speed of light. 

There grows the nose at the front of the particle. The reason for that is the reflecting quantum field that denies crossing the speed of light in a normal universe. 

In a critical moment, the quantum field jumps away from the particle. And that causes energy to flow out from it in critical moments. The particle or object can accelerate its speed only if energy travels into it. When energy travels out, that slows particles. In the wormhole, side-coming energy continues the energy flow into the particle that travels in it. The side-coming energy accelerates the particle even if the quantum field in front of it jumps away. 

There are three ways that a tachyon can cross the speed of light. The one thing is tachyon travels in an energy channel that pumps energy into it. If that channel is small there is forming an energy wave behind the tachyon. 

If energy cannot bypass that particle. The difference between energy levels behind and ahead of the particle turns high enough. That thing acts like Alcubierre WARP drive. 

In another version, tachyon spin is so fast that when it travels near the speed of light, that spin takes it over the border. The third version is that the particle travels against the quantum field that travels in opposite directions and can cross the speed of light because the impact speed between that field and the particle is higher than the speed of light. 

The energy level in the past is higher than it's now. So the energy that travels through that wormhole from the past to the future can explain dark energy. The tachyon would travel to the past and open this kind of channel into the past. 

The graviton or quantum-size black hole can turn this channel into a spiral-shaped whirl. The black hole itself will create the channel and there is the energy low pressure near the tachyon. That means energy that follows the graviton and photon from above pushes them back in time.

There could be some kind of skyrmions. That travels around the channel in the opposite direction. The idea in this model is that. Those wormholes transport energy from the past to the future by using this shortcut. And maybe that energy is the thing, that we see as dark energy. 

https://scitechdaily.com/dark-energy-mystery-mounting-evidence-points-to-black-holes-as-hidden-source/

https://www.space.com/tachyons-facts-about-particles

https://www.thebrighterside.news/post/breakthrough-tachyon-discovery-is-a-major-leap-towards-time-travel-reality/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyon

The black holes can be the source of dark energy.

"Recent research using DESI’s advanced observations proposes a novel link between black holes and the dark energy driving the universe’s expansion. This hypothesis aligns with data showing that as black holes form and grow, dark energy density increases, supporting the idea of black holes as a source of this mysterious cosmic force. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Dark Energy Mystery: Mounting Evidence Points to Black Holes As Hidden Source)

Dark energy is wave movement. That source is unknown. The dark energy rips the universe into pieces. And that makes it interesting. In some suggestions. Dark energy is antigravity. Maybe that thing seems a very fundamental and unbelievable thing. 

But when we think of gravity as the thing. That pulls the quantum field into the gravity center. And that thing forms an electromagnetic shadow at the front of the particle. The interaction between those quantum fields forms gravity waves that travel away from the gravity center. In some theories. If gravity wave frequency is very high.  They can form energy shadows behind the objects. So if the frequency of gravity waves is high enough, they can turn gravity opposite.

Standing gravity waves can form a gravity effect without mass. Gravity waves can reflect from those structures. Or those structures can accelerate particles. At a higher speed than they should have. 

New research.suggests black holes can be a source of dark energy. The black hole can form special conditions. Where the mysterious wave movement called dark energy can form.  In some models, the hypothetical graviton particles impact with each other. Or maybe they can hit some other particles, like gluons, which can form dark energy. The black hole is one of the most fundamental objects in the universe. 

The dark energy is a mystery, that causes interesting theories. A black hole pulls the field into its event horizon. The thing is that the particle that leaves near a black hole requires lots of energy. When a particle travels against the field that falls into the black hole it can virtually travel faster than light. This is the thing that can form mysterious, still hypothetical tachyon particles. When we think of the black hole and its powerful gravity field. Maybe, this monster can also form tachyons. 

Hypothetical tachyon is hard to model and understand. Because if they exist they travel back in time. When the tachyon travels back in time, it should leave the channel through spacetime after it. That hole can form a quasiparticle that makes other particles orbit around it. That hole can bring energy from the past to the future. 

Particles that travel against the quantum field that falls into black holes can virtually cross the speed of light. Because of the impact speed with particles and the wave movement can be higher than the speed of light. Or maybe the dark energy forms in impacts between particles that impact speed is higher than the speed of light. If two gluons both travel 70% of the speed of light. The impact speed is 140% of the speed of light. 

The black hole is a mysterious thing. That thing is more complicated and more mysterious than researchers can think. In some visions, the dark energy source is the wormhole. The tornado-shaped structure in the Higgs field. 

If we think that the white hole is the place. Where the wormhole ends that still theoretical thing can be the dark energy source. The white hole might not be white in literal meaning. It's possible. That white hole releases its energy in the form of gamma rays or some other radiation forms that are invisible to the human eye. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/it-might-be-possible-to-detect-gravitons-after-all-20241030/

https://www.thebrighterside.news/post/breakthrough-tachyon-discovery-is-a-major-leap-towards-time-travel-reality/

https://scitechdaily.com/dark-energy-mystery-mounting-evidence-points-to-black-holes-as-hidden-source/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole