The smooth material disk around the Vega challenges planet formation theories.

"This two-panel view of the debris disk around Vega shows Hubble's (left) and JWST's (right) views, respectively. Hubble reveals a wide disk of dust, showcasing particles approximately the size of smoke particles, while JWST shows the glow of warm (larger-sized) dust particles distributed throughout the Vega system, with only one small dip in brightness at double the Sun-Neptune distance." (BigThink, JWST compels us to ask: what’s wrong with Vega?)

"The 5th brightest star in our night sky is young, blue, and apparently devoid of massive planets. New JWST observations deepen the mystery." (BigThink, JWST compels us to ask: what’s wrong with Vega?)

"Prominent in the night sky, Vega is among the brightest stars and happens to be young, close, blue, and still possessing a dusty debris disk around it. Augmenting previous observations by Hubble and ALMA, JWST’s MIRI instrument observed its face-on disk, finding a surprise: it’s smooth and symmetric, with barely any hints of planets at all. Unlike a very similar nearby star, Fomalhaut, Vega appears to be almost entirely structure-free. Perhaps it’s simply showcasing to us just how diverse planetary systems can be." (BigThink, JWST compels us to ask: what’s wrong with Vega?)

"This interpretation of the combined ESA Herschel and NASA Spitzer data shows a potential configuration of that system based on the data as of 2013: a broad outer belt with a thin, warm inner belt. We now know that there are not large mass planets in that “gap” region, but rather a uniform disk of debris, showing scant evidence for any planetary structure at all." (BigThink, JWST compels us to ask: what’s wrong with Vega?)

"This is a James Webb Space Telescope view of a 100-billion-mile-wide disk of dust around the star Vega. The disk is remarkably smooth and there is no debatable evidence for planet formation taking place. Webb resolves the glow of warm dust in a disk halo, at 23 billion miles out. The outer disk (analogous to the solar system’s Kuiper Belt) extends from 7 billion miles to 15 billion miles. The inner disk extends from the inner edge of the outer disk down to close proximity to the star. There is a notable dip in surface brightness of the inner disk from approximately 3.7 to 7.2 billion miles. The black spot at the center is due to lack of data from saturation. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, K. Su (University of Arizona), A. Gáspár (University of Arizona)" (ScitechDaily, Legendary Star’s Smooth Disk Mystifies Astronomers, Challenges Planet Formation Theories)

The material disk around one of the brightest stars in the sky, Vega, is smooth. That is an interesting thing. In planet formation theories. There must be some disturbance in those material disks. That gravity center can start to collect material around them. 

There must be some gravity center that collects material around it. Planet formation cannot begin. In homogenous material nebulas. That thing makes the gravity center that creates the planet. The smooth planetary disk around Vega tells us that there might not be planets. 

The planet forms some kind of denser area in that dust. So there might not planet around Vega. The first planets that form around the stars are gas giants. Then the smaller planets form between those gas giants and the star. There is no evidence of the planet in the Vega's disk. The Vega is also very smooth and that is one of the biggest surprises. Vega is a blue, hot young star whose radiation level is very high. That can cause a situation in which the planets cannot start to form around it. 

Maybe the strong radiation pressure from Vega blows the protoplanets back into the dust. Or maybe the radiation pressure prevents the whirls from forming. Without them, the protoplanet cannot even start to form. If the planet goes too close to its star, that causes vaporization. The planet turns back to dust. 

There are gas giants near red dwarfs. Those gas giants are sometimes hotter than M-spectral type, 3400 C red dwarfs. But the temperature of spectral type A star, Vega is about 10000C. That means this temperature will vaporize the planet if it goes too close to that star. The Vega is one of the most interesting stars in the sky. It's young and hot. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/jwst-what-wrong-vega/

https://scitechdaily.com/legendary-stars-smooth-disk-mystifies-astronomers-challenges-planet-formation-theories/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega

By the way. 

Do you remember that in Carl Sagan's famous novel and the movie based on that book: "Contact" the alien race makes contact with humans using radio telescopes that orbit the Vega star? So that fictional novel causes ideas that maybe, in the future our most powerful telescopes might orbit the sun. 

The giant radio telescope can be like a whip. The extremely long transmitter antenna can be the wire that is connected to the weight or another satellite. Then that wire starts to rotate. That kind of telescope's size doesn't have limits. The long wire can also act as a powerful radar system that can take the radar images of the other planets. 

The thing is that the next-generation radio telescopes can be satellites that are connected with gravitational wave observatories. Those systems can have IR, visible light, and radio telescopes. That thing can open new ways to understand gravity waves. The gravity telescopes are triangles that are made of laser beams. When researchers connect information that they get from optical, radiowaves, and gravity waves they can see what kinds of reactions create those gravity waves. 

Can the planet have a mind of its own?

 

There are two ways how the planet can reach consciousness. 

1) The natural way. 

There would form the neural network that covers the entire planet. There is some kind of vision or hypothesis. That another planet can have intelligence. The intelligence would be the vegetables that are hybridized with neurons. 

The question is what this type of intelligence would do? The fact is that this type of creature can make spaceflights if there are some species like monkeys. This means that the neural network of the planet will control those animals. And that kind of entirety can make many things. 

But without those monkey creatures, the neural network would do nothing. It just stays. The reason why evolution has created the ability to think for people. Is that people need that skill. The ability to think is formed from the need to answer. For the challenges that nature is giving. And humans needed thinking the challenge the predators. 

If our hypothetical neural network has no enemies or problems it would not think. Thinking requires some kind of information. And need to handle that information is making thinking. But without the need to develop things our hypothetical neural network is like The Little Prince from the novel. Its entire world is the planet. And that thing means it would not make anything. And the destiny of that species is its sun. Sooner or later that star turns into a red giant and destroys its planets. 

2) The artificial way. In this version, controlled evolution will connect networks and animals to one entirety. 

In this version, the planet will turn to the singularity of technology. And biological components. Theoretically is the possibility that all organisms on the planet would equip with a microchip. That microchip would control the behavior of insects and all other species. The BCI systems allow controlling computers by using EEG. And that thing means that people would start to live in augmented reality. 

In that reality, the sensors or robots are starting to interact with people. But augmented reality can benefit also things like insects. That thing requires that the signals of nervous systems can code and decode. But maybe the control of the insects is possible quite soon by using the EEG-control neural port and microchipped insects. 

Also, those microchips will turn the nervous systems of the entire fauna into the entirety. The thing is that this kind of civilization can control every single organism on its planet by using microchips and computer networks. And maybe we someday face that kind of level. The fact is that the ability to interconnect species would create interesting visions about the augmented reality where everybody can share their thoughts and senses. Or they can take things like ants in their command. Those ants would send their senses to the person who controls them. 

Image 2: (ScitechDaily/Planetary Intelligence: Can a Planet Have a Mind of Its Own?)

But where do we humans are going? 

In the article below this text is described the route from the immature biosphere to the mature technosphere. You might read the description of those stages from the article that is linked below this text. But mainly the steps of intelligence and singularity are in the next list. 

1) Immature biosphere

2) Mature biosphere

3) Immature technosphere

4) Mature technosphere

(ScitechDaily/ Planetary Intelligence: Can a Planet Have a Mind of Its Own?)

Stage 1 was the caveman step. Even the intelligent species would be under force of the nature. The animals are dangerous for all species and that is the beginning of all civilizations. 

Stage 2 Was the level of Romans. They lived in cities, and big animals were not the problem in those cities. Outside city areas things like wolves caused dangers. And things like epidemics caused very big risks. 

Stage 3 is the most dangerous part of the civilization route to Kardashev-Scale. The immature technosphere benefits the pollutive energy production. And also things like a non-controlled environment are causing wars and crises. 

If we think that the Kardashev-scale civilization must pass some test that stage of the immature technosphere is the point where the civilization would destroy itself or turn to planetary and interstellar-scale. But if the civilization reaches the level of mature technosphere it will face a bright future. 

Kardashev-scale

1) The civilization will control one solar system. 

2) Civilization can travel to the closest stars

3) Civilization controls the entire galaxy. 

(Wikipedia/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale)

 

For reaching Kardashev-scale the civilization must unite. And start to act for the goal that is to conquer the entire solar system. For reaching stages 2 and 3 the civilization must reach stage 1. And that thing is possible only if the civilization will forget its problems. Reaching the Kardashev-scale is necessary because otherwise, civilization will annihilate itself. 

Stage 4 is the mature technosphere. The AI-driven world is where energy will be produced only when people need it. That world base is the information technology that is making it possible to control robots and make discussions over the internet. That thing means the ability to make almost the entire world well-controlled. Where even the animals are interconnected with the internet. 

https://scitechdaily.com/planetary-intelligence-can-a-planet-have-a-mind-of-its-own/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale

Image 2:) https://scitechdaily.com/planetary-intelligence-can-a-planet-have-a-mind-of-its-own/

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

The organic molecules in the Martian meteorite were not from aliens.

Image 1: "The Allan Hills 84001 meteorite courtesy of NASA/JSC/Stanford University. Credit: Courtesy of NASA/JSC/Stanford University" (ScitechDaily/The Search for Life on Mars: Organic Molecules in Martian Meteorite Not From Aliens.)

The organic molecules in the Martian meteorite were not from aliens. The fact is that proving the lifeform or fossil as extraterrestrial is not a very easy thing.  When we try to prove the origin of molecules or fossils there should be an environment where those samples would stay untouchable. 

The deep ice in polar ice caps might seem very promising. But in that environment, those samples are very easily polluted. When meteorite comes through the atmosphere it will heat. 

And when it touches the ice cap that temperature melts the ice. That thermal effect will activate bacteria and primitive algae in that ice. And some of those tiny organisms are searching for temperature. So the meteorite that comes from Mars is polluted by domestic organisms. And even if some procaryotes. 

Image 2) Planet Mars in natural color. (Wikipedia/Mars)

Which are the most primitive organisms on Earth traveled to the Earth from Mars they are hard to separate from domestic eucaryotes like cyanobacteria. For confirming the origin of the bacteria fossils the samples must be taken to Earth or some moon laboratory straight from Mars. That thing is necessary for keeping samples sterile. 

If there are some prokaryotic bacteria on Mars. That means those bacteria would be extremely small fossils. And the remaining metabolism of those hypothetical bacteria or their microscopic fossils uncovers their origin. The idea is that the metabolism forms chemicals that remain in those fossils or holes that were remaining of those hypothetical ancient bacteria. 

The theory of life on Mars goes like this. There was a short period in the history of that planet. When lifeforms could form. Those lifeforms would look similar to the cyanobacteria on Earth. But then meteorites or cosmic impact caused the planet Mars to lose its core and atmosphere. 

There is the possibility that those tiny lifeforms would remain active when the temperature of the surface decreased. But then the UV radiation whipped them out. This thing is the most common theory of the lifeforms of Mars. If those ancient lifeforms would somehow flow to Earth riding with some meteorite and remain active they are hard to separate from the domestic bacteria. 

There are needed DNA tests. When the DNA tests are made there must be confirmed Martian bacteria DNA or RNA for those tests. And UV radiation could destroy the entire genomes of those hypothetical bacteria. 

And there is the possibility that the remainings of the hypothetical Martian-origin bacteria. Like their genomes are destroyed by UV radiation. Of course, is the possibility that the impact that wiped out those organisms was not the last one. So if some bacteria came from Mars that bacteria could be a fossil. Or they could be vaporized while the meteorite flew to the sky by some cosmic impact. 

When the meteorite left Mars that thing was the drop of the melted material. And while the travel from Mars to Earth. It was under the influence of cosmic radiation. Also, the flow of the particles that came from the Sun terminated the organic material. That means that the alien bacteria could not even exist anymore in that meteorite even if there were the lifeforms on the red planet far away in history. 

https://scitechdaily.com/the-search-for-life-on-mars-organic-molecules-in-martian-meteorite-not-from-aliens/

Image 3) The advancing of the Image of Cydonian face. Images from the left: two first images. A and B  are from Viking.  Image C is The 2001 FaceA second "full-faced" image of the "Face" NASA/JPL MOC E03-00824. Note: the distinct "Feline" features on the right side. The erosion has destroyed the form of the face. And there is the small crater. So somebody might say, that could something whip that thing away in purpose. (Images by NASA)

Image 4)  The "Cydonian pyramids". : Pinterest

The alien story begins from here. The data is not confirmed. 

In some hypotheses, the (alien) civilizations would go interstellar travel only when they must do that thing. So if the hypothetical civilization would leave from the stars like Van Maanen 2. That thing means that those creatures would go on a one-way trip. 

When we are thinking about the colonization of the Milky Way we must understand one thing. That thing is not possible quite soon. If that project will someday start. The creatures who go on those journeys will never return. They would go on a one-way trip which takes even millenniums. 

Those creatures would travel in the form of genetic material. And during that journey, artificial intelligence would control the craft. When that craft will reach its target. The genetic material would transfer to cells. So those cells would be infected by the virus that transforms them into aliens. 

And things like the "face" of Mars (Image 2) and "Cydonian city" (Image 3) are bringing imaginational visions in the mid of people. There introduced a theory or hypothesis. That alien from some other solar system is behind those structures. And they would be created by some kind of robot. 

The theory is that the faces that might be lost are created by machines that are copying structures. Even if that thing would be true the alien would not necessarily use those structures. 

In some other vision, those structures came to NASA flight control accidentally. When some spy satellite used the frequency that the Viking probes used. The idea of the base where the Mars astronauts will use is taken from that theory. The idea is that the robots are making the base ready for astronauts before they will land on the red planet. 

https://scitechdaily.com/the-search-for-life-on-mars-organic-molecules-in-martian-meteorite-not-from-aliens/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Maanen_2

When legends meet: Laplace and Napoleon

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/when-legends-meet-laplace-and-napoleon.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/when-legends-meet-laplace-and-napoleon.html

Writing about the artificial cells and the changing the climate of the distant planets

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/writing-about-artificial-cells-and.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/writing-about-artificial-cells-and.html