Is the origin of dark energy in superstrings or photons?

    Is the origin of dark energy in superstrings or photons? 

Dark energy dominates the universe. That term means wave movement whose origin is unknown. Some researchers introduced that dark energy forms because of universe expansion. 

Energy and particles form the entirety that we call the universe. So when we think that the universe's expansion is like a balloon, we should think that this expanding balloon is in a vacuum. That introduces the situation that no more material and energy is coming into that balloon than there already exists.

If the universe's expansion forms dark energy. the reason for that is when the size of the universe expands the quantum field's pressure is turning lower. That causes vaporization in particles. That means particles turn into wave movement. And that thing could be the origin of the dark energy. 

When the universe expands, particle's size expands. 

But we always forget that when the universe expands. The material in it also expands. So the part of material that sends that dark energy could be in the superstrings. When material expands, superstrings that form material expand. The universe's expansion also causes an effect that we can call dandruff. In that model, superstrings send smaller parts of themselves to the universe. So the size of dark energy's wave movement is so small that it cannot push larger entireties. 

The reason for that is that dark energy is so hard to detect and can form in the smallest part of particles.  In that model, the origin of the dark energy is in the superstrings. The superstrings are the wave movement that forms material. The material is like a warped string that turns into a yarn-ball-shaped structure. And those superstrings can also break. Those breaking superstrings are splitting and cutting into smaller superstrings, and maybe that thing is the origin of the dark energy. 

Above: The original animation was created to introduce how material and energy fall in singularity. But it also can introduce how dark energy could interact with material. Only reflection  That comes from the middle of the particle is missing.

Can pulsating particles give a tip, on how dark energy can form? 

There is the possibility that dark energy forms in material like this. There is an electromagnetic shadow in the particles. That shadow pulls wave movement in it. And there forms standing wave movement in particles. Then wave movement (energy) starts to travel out from the particle. So the particle acts like a vacuum bomb. The wave movement that reflects from the middle of the particle also rips the particle into pieces. 

The wave movement must collect a standing wave in the middle of the particles before it can reflect. That means particles send wave movement as bursts. And that wave movement transfers a little bit of the superstrings with them. That thing destroys the material. When a material or particle's size expands the speed of wave movement rises. And that means its kinetic energy rises. That thing explains why material vaporization increases when the universe is freezing. 

The photonic model. 

In some models, the photonic interaction is the thing that forms some part of the dark energy. In some models photon is the particle that travels around the superstring. Superstrings are the smallest parts of the material. And they are wave movements that warp and turn to ball. And that means the material is one version of wave movement. 

In this model photon is like a plate around the superstring. It conducts energy out from that superstring or energy string. And that energy or wave movement continues its travel outside the photon. 

Wave movement is one name for energy. When a photon, or the warped wave movement travels around the superstring, it forms the warped wave ahead itself. The wave that forms at the front of a photon is the thing that causes the photon's speed is the cosmic speed limit. The photon delivers as much energy as it gets. And that makes it timeless. If a photon travels around the superstring. That explains its special nature. The photon is higher energy than its environment. Photon conducts energy out from the superstring. And that energy is the thing that creates the dark energy.