There were no gamma rays near the supernova.

"The 2023 observation of supernova SN 2023ixf in the Pinwheel galaxy provided a unique chance to study cosmic ray production, but the expected gamma rays were not detected by NASA’s Fermi Telescope, indicating much lower energy conversion rates than anticipated. Credit: NASA" (SvitechDaily, Defying Expectations: NASA’s Fermi Sees No Gamma Rays From Nearby Supernova)

Gamma rays are the most high-energy radiation in the universe. A supernova cannot form gamma rays itself. It forms them only. If there is a neutron star or black hole near it. The neutron star pulls material on it. And when high-energy plasma from a supernova hits the neutron star, that raises the energy level so high level that gamma rays can form.

NASA's Fermi satellite data uncovered. That there were no gamma rays near a supernova. The supernova cannot produce gamma rays. That differs from the hypothesis, that all high-energy reactions form gamma rays. Gamma rays are forming near colliding neutron stars called kilonovas. And near the black holes.

The reason for that is that the environment near kilonovas is different than near supernovas. During a supernova explosion energy and material travels in one direction. That pushes gas and dust in one direction. Near supernova explosions. Material forms a shockwave that density turns lower when it escapes from the epicenter.

Near very massive and supermassive objects the interaction is different. The neutron star or black hole pulls gas and dust into it. The energy that travels out from those object's poles turns that plasma very hot. Lots of material that orbits the massive object is in its material disk. And ions and anions near the black hole's surface travel through that material disk.

In the cases of neutron stars gas and dust will pack on the neutron star like plaque. Energy from the orbiting material impacts the plaque and forms a fusion reaction. That reaction sends high-energy particles to the gas that orbits neutron stars. That locks energy near the black hole. Because material and particles travel in and out from the neutron stars that causes effect, that energy does not have similar space to travel out from neutron stars or kilonovas and black holes.

During the kilonova explosion the impact- or shockwave that those impacting neutron stars form hits with particles. That falls into those neutron stars. Impacting particles release very high energy levels. The material travels in two directions near neutron stars. That doesn't let energy travel away. The two-directional material flow causes a violent impact effect near neutron stars and kilonovas.

https://scitechdaily.com/defying-expectations-nasas-fermi-sees-no-gamma-rays-from-nearby-supernova/

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