The shape of the universe. And the dark energy interaction.

The universe might be the giant loop. But when we are thinking about the shape of the universe. We should remember a couple of things. The universe is a giant entirety, and we see only a couple of percent about that thing. There is a possibility that the universe is like a plate. Or it can be like a ball. Or it can be like a saddle. 

But is the universe shape and structure even homogenous? That means in the giant entirety could be many types of forms. There is the possibility that there are cosmic bubbles of the yet-seen material. And in some other ideas, the universe is warped. 

That means the shape of the main material is some of those three examples that are introduced in image II. But there is the possibility that the main shape hides sub-shapes. The layer of the universe might be waved. Or there might be bubble- or ball-shaped structures in the main structures. 

The empty bubbles in the universe are interesting things. Because there is a lower density of material than other places in the universe. Dark matter is similar material with visible material but we just cannot see that thing. We always forget that interaction is two-way. 

The same effect would interact also with the other side. And that means the material that is visible to us has similar interaction to the dark matter as the dark matter has to visible material. 

If there is a creature in the universe that is formed of dark matter. The universe that is formed of visible material to us would seem empty bubble to that creature.

But if we are thinking otherwise we might think that some creature lives in the universe that is formed of dark matter. That creature would not see us either. The thing that makes material dar is that the particles that form the dark matter would have different sizes. And that means we cannot see that material because it sends the radiation with a different wavelength than visible material.

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"The local geometry of the universe is determined by whether the density parameter Ω is greater than, less than, or equal to 1.

From top to bottom: a spherical or ball-shaped universe with Ω > 1, a hyperbolic "saddle-shaped" universe with Ω < 1, and a flat universe with Ω = 1. These depictions of two-dimensional surfaces are merely easily visualizable analogs to the 3-dimensional structure of (local) space". 

If Ω = 1, the universe is flat.

If Ω > 1, there is positive curvature.

If Ω < 1 there is negative curvature.

(Wikipedia, Shape of the universe)

The reason why the shape of the universe is important is that if the  Ω > 1. That means the universe would end its day in the big crash. The entire material would drop in the black hole. And in space where is no wave movement or material, the black hole will detonate. 

And that thing makes that the universe would be like the Phoenix bird. That thing makes the new Big Bang possible. But the wave-particle duality means that the crossing wave movement can create new elementary particles. The researchers of the SETI program introduced the theory that God is a remnant from the past universe. The interesting thing is that Sir Roger Penrose and his team recognized. That some black holes are sending radiation that source might be in the past universe. 

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The thing is that the bubble of the visible material is the ball. But there is a lot of material in the universe that is invisible to us. And there is lots of material and energy that are hard to observe. The things like free quarks, neutrinos, just discovered odderon particles. And cosmic radio frequential hum which cannot observe from the earth because it cannot penetrate in the plasma field of the sun is giving a tip, what the dark energy might be. 

Dark energy might be the radiation that source is in the extremely small particles.  Or it is just the radio waves that cannot reach us. If the source of the electromagnetic radiation is in the odderon particles or anyons which are 2-dimensional particles that will explain why we cannot see that energy. 

https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-voyager-1-detects-hum-interstellar-space-2021-5?r=US&IR=T

https://www.deccanherald.com/science-and-environment/there-was-a-universe-before-ours-says-nobel-laureate-roger-penrose-report-900067.html

https://futurism.com/sir-roger-penrose-alternate-theory-of-the-big-bang-2

https://scitechdaily.com/after-50-year-international-hunt-physicists-discover-mythical-odderon-particle/

https://www.space.com/universe-may-be-curved.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

Image II:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

What is the origin of dark energy?

Is dark energy wave movement traveling from the universe to the area around it? If that thing is true the dark energy has not existed in the way as people normally think it exists. It's the energy that exists only at the edge of the universe. That energy travels outside the universe and makes it lighter. 

The thing is that energy cannot form from emptiness. There must be some kind of particles that are forming the wave movement. So is the form of the dark energy negative. Negative energy means energy that travels away from the higher energetic particles. 

The main question of dark energy is: is it positive or negative energy? If the dark energy is negative. That means there is the possibility that it is the energy that travels outside the universe. Energy travels from the high energetic area to the lower energetic area. 

And that means the dark energy could be an energy that travels outside the universe. The idea is that the universe is a higher energetic area than the space around it. So energy travels away from the universe. And that thing means that the universe is turning lighter. 

One of the ideas to explain the origin of dark energy is that its origin is in gravitation quantum origins. The idea of this theory is that inside atoms and even protons and neutrons are empty places. The protons and neutrons are hadrons. Three quarks are forming those particles along with some other small elementary particles.

And there are small holes in those particles. So there is the possibility that the radiation has an extremely short wavelength and especially the short height of those waves can travel through protons and neutrons. In this theorem, the origin of the dark energy is in the oscillation of the subatomic particles. The thing is that the size of those particles is smaller than quarks. And that means a large part of the radiation that those particles are sending could travel across atoms benefiting the empty points between quarks. 

The idea of the quantum origin of gravitation is simple. The idea is that gravitation is wave movement like light. The question is does gravitation push or does it pull particles. If we think that gravitational waves are the energy that is traveling between quantum fields around atoms. There is the possibility that gravitation is an energy that affects only the quantum fields around the atom. 

What if there are large groups of free particles like quarks outside the edge of the universe? That means those particles will pull the universe behind them. 

So in this version of the theory. The gravitation would rise the force of the quantum fields in an atom. But what is the quantum field where the gravitation affects? Is it the quantum field around an atom? Or the quantum field around electrons, protons, and neutrons? The idea is that the origin of the gravitation is in the gluons that are traveling between quarks. When the gluon hits to quark it sends the wave that moves through the atom. Because that wave movement does not affect particles or that effect is extremely weak. 

That means that wave movement is invisible. And one explanation for the effect of dark energy. Is that it affects the quantum fields that are surrounding the universe. The universe is like the giant shock wave and that means there could be clouds of free quarks around the visible universe. And when dark energy hits those particles they are pulling the universe outside. 

The main question about gravitation is, is gravitation pull, or does it push objects? 

The idea is that the gravitational wave is the higher energetic area in the universe. And the thing that while the energy wave is traveling in the universe. Those particles would deliver their extra energy to the particles behind that energy wave. That wave movement could be gravitation. 

The idea of the pushing effect of the gravitation is coming from the gravitational waves. The gravitational waves travel in the universe. And the idea of the pushing model of gravitation is that when gravitational waves are moving through the particles they are turning lower energetic than particles that are inside the gravitational waves. In that version, the energy would travel backward from gravitational waves. 

So when the gravitational wave will raise the energy level of the particles. That wave is followed lower energetic area than another universe is. And that means. The wave movement that comes from those particles in the gravitational waves is hitting the particles that are behind it that wave movement would push particles in the opposite direction of the gravitational wave. 

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/could-gravitys-quantum-origins-explain-dark-energy/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadron

The expansion of the universe directly impacts the growth of black holes.

Black holes grow along with the expansion of the universe. And there could be some reason for that thing. The first in the introduction for that phenomenon is that some radiation like Hawking radiation has something to do with that thing. 

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If Black holes grow along with the expansion of the universe there must be some connection with the growth of black holes. And the expansion of the universe.

The key question is: Is the thing that causes the growth of the black holes pulling or pushing? We know that there is a connection between the expansion of the universe and the growth of black holes.

1) Does the radiation that comes from black holes push the edge of the visible universe away?

2) Or does the freezing or the decreasing the energy level of the quantum fields of the universe cause that quantum fields cannot limit the size of the black holes. 

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Is the radiation of black holes pushing the edge of the universe away? And cause expansion of the universe?

So black holes are pushing the edge of the universe away. And the second one of that there is something that pulls black holes larger when the size of the visible universe grows. If the first choice is right, that thing means that when the black holes are growing their edge is closing the edge of the universe. And then some kind of radiation that comes from the black hole is interacting with the edge of the visible universe. 

And that radiation that can be the Hawking radiation will interact with the edge of the visible universe pushing it away. So does that radiation affect straight to visible material or does that thing affect the dark matter or some unknown particles ahead of the edge of the visible universe? 

The thing is that the black holes are also pulling dark matter inside them. And then the dark matter sends invisible radiation. To the particles that are at the edge of the visible universe. 

Or maybe the gravitational waves are pushing particles away from the center of the universe. There is the theory that gravitation is the wave movement that can push particles away. If the curve of the wave movement turned straight. That means the speed of the wave movement can be enormous. But the thing is that nobody has ever seen straight wave movement. 

But what if the expansion of the universe pulls black holes larger? 

In that situation the answer for the connection between the expansion of the universe. And the growth of black holes. Is that the expansion of the universe pulls black holes bigger. The explanation for this thing. Is that while the universe expands the quantum fields inside the universe are turning weaker. 

While the size of the universe is growing the energy level inside that ball what we call the universe is turning lower. That thing means. That is the force of the quantum fields. That is limiting the growth of the black holes is turning weaker. When the force of those quantum fields is lowing the size of black holes is growing. 

And that thing causes an interesting idea of the ultimate fate of the universe. Maybe when the power of the quantum fields is low enough that thing causes the explosion of the billions of black holes. And that explosion releases energy and wave movement that causes that the wave movement turns into particles. 

https://phys.org/news/2021-11-expansion-universe-impacts-black-hole.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_of_the_universe

Could there be invisible galaxies in the universe?

The thing is that if there is a chemically similar galaxy with Milky Way far away from us. There is the possibility that the radiation of the Milky Way pushes the radiation away from the Milky Way. That thing means that if the Milky Way pushes the radiation away. That thing makes it impossible to see some objects. 

Could the dark matter be some kind of condition of the material that the electromagnetic radiation would travel across it without causing the reflection? If we are thinking of the situation that is in the image above this text. There is the possibility that some galaxies have a certain form of a halo that pushes the electromagnetic radiation traveling around that galaxy away from it. 

So that kind of case where the electromagnetic radiation would travel around the object would be similar to what makes things like stealth bombers invisible for radars. The scale of the galaxy is much bigger than some stealth bombers. But there is the possibility that some kind of quantum phenomenon can make the entire galaxies impossible to see at least from great distances. 

Some another version of this question about invisible galaxies. Is that somewhere between Earth and that galaxy is the scattering field. That denies the wave movement to travel through that area. 

The ghost material and quantum stealth

Theoretically is possible to make the material that turns to the quantum cloud and returns to its form. That means theoretically at least the non-organic creature like a screw or car can turn to a quantum cloud. And when the time is coming that quantum cloud can return to its original form. So if research makes this thing into practice. That allows turning the aircraft to the ghost that could travel through the walls. 

There is the possibility that some types of material have the ability that electromagnetic radiation would travel through it and pass the atoms. If that thing is possible to make that allows to make the invisible materials. But there is one thing that we might forget. Theoretically is possible to make the ghost by using quantum technology. 

The idea is that the distance of the particles that are forming the nucleus of the atoms is pushed to a long distance of each other. If quarks that are forming the structure would be connected with the superstrings. That thing makes it possible to turn the physical object into a quantum cloud. And if those strings are true. Decreasing the energy pumping will make those particles return to form. 

https://scitechdaily.com/exploring-the-mysterious-origins-of-extreme-cosmic-light-flashes-that-outshine-entire-galaxies/

Image I:https://scitechdaily.com/exploring-the-mysterious-origins-of-extreme-cosmic-light-flashes-that-outshine-entire-galaxies/

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

Is the hypothetical fifth force between electromagnetism and gravitation?

When we are talking about the fifth fundamental force. We are facing one thing that makes the researchers believe that the standard model in physics is not perfect. That thing is the gravitation. 

Why gravitation is not fit in the standard model? So even if the standard model would be ready to this point. There might be something that is needed to include or increase to that model that fits perfectly without gravitation. So there are four fundamental interactions or forces. 

1) Strong nuclear force that connects quarks to neutrons

2) Weak nuclear force that connects protons and neutrons to the nucleus of the atom.

3) Electromagnetism that connects electrons to their orbiter around the nucleus of the atom. 

4) Gravitation that pulls atoms and atom groups together. 

The reason why scientists cannot connect gravitation with other natural interactions. Is that its transportation particle "graviton"  not founded yet. And that means the gravitation is a mystery. All other fundamental interactions have transportation particles. 

That means the gravitation should have transportation particles. The other thing is that the gravitation has no repelling effect. Gravitation just pulls the objects together. Those things cause that gravitation cannot straight conduct from electromagnetism. And that causes the idea of the fifth fundamental force. 

But the question about the fifth force is: what is its place in the standard model? Does the hypothetical fifth force stand between electromagnetism and gravitation? 

We always search for those kinds of interactions from the far ends of the systems. But we can ask is it possible that something is missing between the rows and lines of the tables. So could the place of the fifth force between electrons and the quantum core of the atom. That thing could easily explain why researchers cannot find the fifth force.

We always believed that the place of the hypothetical fifth force is outside of gravitation. So the order of the forces where the fifth force is included is always introduced like this:

1) Strong nuclear force

2) Weak nuclear force

3) Electromagnetism

4) Gravitation 

5) Fifth force?

But that model requires that the atom has some invisible core. All other fundamental interactions are affecting the cores as electromagnetism affects electron cores. And the weak nuclear force affects the core of the nucleus. 

The strong nuclar force affects the core of the proton and neutron. Those cores can be called quantum fields. So why do we cannot see the fifth quantum field or quantum core of the atom? The reason for that is. We are looking for that outside from the most out the visible core of the atom. 

But what if the place of the fifth force is between electromagnetism and gravitation? And the order would be like this:

1) Strong nuclear force

2) Weak nuclear force

3) Electromagnetism

4) Fifth force?

5) Gravitation

Could that explain why there is no visible graviton? What if the hypothetical fifth force is the force that interacts between quantum cores of the atoms? In that case, the fifth force is like a tornado or string that is jumping between quantum fields. So is there some yet seen layer in atom and its structures? 

The reason why the most reasonable position for the hypothetical fifth force. Is between the electron core and the most out quantum core that surrounds the entire atom. Is that there is something that is missing between electromagnetism and gravitation. That missing part could be the thing why we cannot just connect gravitation with electromagnetism. 

https://astronomy.com/news/2020/03/the-fifth-force-what-is-it

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

The thing about cryonics and stopping the aging process

The pressure will stabilize the DNA in individual cells. 

Could the count Dracula be the creature which DNA is stabilized by closing the nuclei of the cells in pressure bottles? In that case, the high-pressure bottles will remove the oscillation of the DNA. But this thing seems very unbelievable because if that thing is used for humans there are billions of bottles needed. So maybe tomorrow the bacteria would store in pressure bottles. 

Stopping the aging process is theoretically quite easy to make. The oscillation of the DNA molecule must just stop. Theoretically, that process is quite easy to make. The DNA of the nucleus of the cells must close in the small bottles that will pressurize. The high pressure will stabilize the DNA. But if those bottles will get any extra energy like from sunshine that would cause overheating. 

And in the high-pressure system, the extra energy would cause that the bottle will detonate. So if the DNA of some creature will stabilize by using pressure bottles that are closing the nucleus of cells inside it. That organism would not stand sunlight because it raises the temperature in the pressure bottles that are stabilizing the DNA. 

And then to the cryonics.

Can cryonically frozen people ever wake up? These kinds of questions involve one little thing. How to determine the word "ever"? Is "ever" in this case some 100, 150, or 200 years? The thing is that history is full of "ever be possible" solutions like an atom bomb, moon flights, and quantum computers.

The single cells can press by using high pressure while the cell is melting after cryonics. But could that methodology be effective in the cases of the human-size object? 

Many times people say that waking up the person. Who is frozen at a temperature that is near zero kelvin is impossible. And the reason for that is not in the freezing process. The problem is that the melting process causes the expansion in the liquids of the cells. And that thing will destroy the cells. There is the possibility that the temperature of the body of the person would rise very slowly like one degree per day. Or even slower. 

That allows making the wake-up process possible. When the person is melted enough heart-lung machine will start the heart and body functions. So in tomorrow, cryonics allows us to travel to the future. We might just put to sleep and then the system will freeze us. 

This thing means that cryonics is a very slow time machine. And maybe there are very ill people in the world who are putting themselves in the cryogenic ice for waiting that medical science creates treatment for their illness.

We know how to freeze cells in the cryogenic ice. The idea is that the liquids from the cell will remove. If the mass of liquid in the cells is decreasing. That leaves liquids room for expansion in cells. So the reason why we cannot freeze people whenever we want. Is that we should remove liquids from so many cells that this operation is not possible. 

The reason why cryogenics is more suitable for long-term space flight than normal anesthesia is that. Near zero kelvin temperatures will just stop the aging process. The reason for the aging process is the DNA will oscillate and sooner or later. The oscillation will destroy the structure of the genome or DNA. 

https://www.inverse.com/article/34925-cryogenic-freezing-life-reanimation-cryonics-zebrafish

https://scienceofsingularity.com/2018/11/18/will-cryogenically-frozen-people-ever-be-revived/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryonics

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

Little green men (Are we alone in the universe part II)

Space race

There have been many models of what hypothetical aliens could look like and how they can behave. And one of the most interesting visions is that the aliens would be a space race. Those creatures would never land on planets. 

Could aliens be the space race? The space race means aliens that live in giant spacecraft in their entire life. Those creatures would be extremely weak, but they can use the remote-controlled robots while they are operating on the surface of planets. 

The problem with searching for alien lifeforms is that some reason causes the attitude that the alien civilization must look like us, aliens must behave as we behave. And their home planet must be an exact copy of our home planet. There is a thing called adaptation. If some alien has formed on some other planet they would be fully adapted to that environment. 

And even if the hypothetical aliens would be similar to us that means their biochemical processes would be similar they might look different. And their culture might be different from ours. So if aliens would be a very advanced civilization they might live in singularity with technology. That means the alien society could live in a giant spacecraft in a zero-gravity environment. 

And their brains could be connected to one entirety with computers and each other by using implanted microchips. Connecting brains to one entirety would remove the violence from society.

 

That thing would be suitable for the space race that lives in the giant O'Neill cylinders. The theoretical O'Neill cylinder is the rotating, cylinder shape artificial world. Which takes its gravity from the rotating movement. The fact is that the gravitation of those stations would be quite weak. 

And the purpose of it would be to anchor merchandise to tables. The crew would be physically weak and they would not ever land on planets. On the surface of planets, those creatures would operate by using remote-control robots. That thing denies the infections that the organisms of those planets can cause. 

When some member of the group would hit another one. That thing causes that the violent member will also feel the pain itself. Those aliens would not ever land on planets because their bodies will be crushed by gravitation. There is the possibility that the giant cylinder-shaped space station or spacecraft will hover the fast rotating cylinders. 

The cylinders called Tipler cylinders rotation speed is almost the speed of light that allows multiplying aliens. The time dilation causes that the creatures that are grow in those fast rotating cylinders. Seem to grow in eyes. Those cylinders would hover in the middle of cylinder-shaped spacecraft. The cylinders would not create strong gravity. The purpose of gravity would be just to make things like plantations possible. But if the crew is physically weak that makes it easier to control them. 

https://space.nss.org/o-neill-cylinder-space-settlement/

What "Little Green Men" could be?

There are created microchips that are creating their electricity from the human body. The leaf-gold layer would give electricity by benefiting the natrum from the sweat. And that biological battery can deliver energy to the microchips. 

Cosmobiology and evolution specialists are making models of what the alien might look like. In some visions, the nervous system of the aliens would be like the jacket. The idea for that is that the skin cells of the organisms would involve the extremely small nerve cells. And the structures that are making us think would be in the alien skin. 

The LGM (Little Green Men) could be the creature. Which skin is hybrid where is connected the genomes of vegetables and animal cells. If the skin of the creature would be photosynthetic that allows them to create sugars in their body. And that would make them possible to live without vegetables. 

But there is one other aspect that we always forget. There is the possibility that the hypothetical aliens would have a different form of nervous tissue than we have. In some visions, the aliens would have thinking skin. In that vision, the skin of the aliens would make a similar structure with the brains. 

That means the alien that is its nervous system could be like the jacket that can control the body inside it. Theoretically, the green skin would give nutrients to the nervous tissue of that thinking skin. The idea for that thing is taken from the Xipe Totec the skinned god of Aztec. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xipe_Totec

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/