Dark matter existence is so interesting and weird that somebody cannot believe its existence. Sometimes, researchers describe dark matter as an effect that puts gravity waves moving. In some suggestions, the standing gravity waves form dark matter. The Schwinger effect or wave-particle duality means a situation, where wave movement forms a particle-antiparticle pair.
That means crossing gravitational waves can form a graviton-antigraviton pair. Nobody has seen graviton yet, but that hypothetical boson would be a boson, that transports gravitation. All particle-antiparticle pairs act the same way. When they touch each other they turn into energy or wave movement. That hypothetical particle-antiparticle-pair causes a situation, where gravitational waves can seem to come from nowhere.
There are many hypothetical dark matter models. In some versions, the dark matter is some kind of low-energy version of the known particles. In that model, the quark's spin can be so slow that energy simply can travel through those particles. Or some fast-spinning particle collects and aims quantum field like the pike.
In some other models, dark matter is the quantum-size black hole. That black hole can explain missing material.
Sometimes hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles WIMPS are suggested as the quasiparticles. That means the WIMP is some kind of hole in dimension or some quantum field. So the WIMP could be similar to the exciton. The exciton is a quasiparticle where an electron orbits its hole. The question is: could the quark form a similar hole as an electron forms in exciton?
In that model, the quark leaves a similar hole behind it like an electron leaves in the exciton, and then some kind of electromagnetic vortex, like a beam-shaped electromagnetic field between electrons can replace that missing quark. In this model, the electron pulls one quark out from a proton or neutron and puts its hole into that point. There is the possibility that some kind of standing wave can form virtual particles inside other particles.
Or if the dark matter is some unknown form of the proton, the missing particle can be something else than a quark. Or maybe the proton gets some sub-particle more. When it turns into dark matter. There is the possibility that the Schwinger effect can form the extra particles inside baryons or some other hadrons. If gravitons exist they could explain the dark matter.
In the most exciting models the dark matter forms when a particle sends radiation or wave movement that radiation must travel through the particle's electromagnetic or quantum field. When that wave movement hits that quantum field, its wave movement turns shorter. The quantum field creases the wave movement that hits it. When wave movement touches quantum fields the wave movement must pile up, or increase its power, so that it can pass the quantum field.
That effect can mean that if there is a very small particle, that sends wave movement with X-or gamma-ray wavelength, that quantum field can press the radiation into so short wavelength that it's outside the gamma-ray's wavelength. But there is one problem. Normally when radiation comes from particles it will hit the quantum field and spread all over that field. That thing causes things, that we see particles and atoms as balls.
So is there something, yet unknown particle between quarks in the protons and neutrons? That particle would be the thing, their gluons get their energy. And that particle would be the thing, that forms the vacuum, that keeps quarks together.
See also:
Antimatter
Annihilation
Electron
Excitons
Graviton
Neutron
Proton
Quark
Quasiparticle
Schwinger-effect
WIMP, Weakly interacting massive particle
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