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Betelgeuse might be a binary star.

"Researchers suggest that the brightening and dimming of Betelgeuse, a red giant star, is likely influenced by an orbiting companion star, dubbed the “Betelbuddy.” This companion pushes away cosmic dust, affecting how Betelgeuse’s light reaches Earth. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Betelgeuse’s Brightness Mystery Explained: Meet the Hidden “Betelbuddy” Star)

One of the brightest stars in the northern sky is the Alpha Orionis or Betelgeuse. The star is one of the largest known stars. Its color is red if we see that star with bare eyes. Distance to that giant star is 408 – 548 (+90/-49)ly. The Betelgeuse classification is a red supergiant. This star is well known, and that caused suspicion that there are no surprises around it. But now researchers think that Betelgeuse may have a companion. 



Infographic describing how the Betelbuddy affects Betelgeuse’s apparent brightness. Credit: Lucy Reading-Ikkanda/Simons Foundation. (ScitechDaily, Betelgeuse’s Brightness Mystery Explained: Meet the Hidden “Betelbuddy” Star)

The giant red star Betelgeuse might have a companion star. The name of that suspected companion is "Betelbuddy". That smaller companion might have spectral classification above the K. If that companion star is hot that means it sends energy to Betelgeuse and causes the red giant star to be hotter than it should be. But the smaller star can also blow the dust away from around Betelgeuse. The companion star can also pump energy to solar wind that comes out from Betelgeuse. 

If Betelgeuse is a binary star system that thing explains many things that are connected to that star. The brightness of Betelgeuse is one thing that worried researchers. It's possible. That the Betelgeuse will detonate quite soon as a supernova. That thing causes very strong radiation burst to Earth. But the "Betelbuddy" could cause a need to adjust those calculations. 

"Betelgeuse’s position in the constellation Orion. Credit: Lucy Reading-Ikkanda/Simons Foundation" (ScitechDaily, Betelgeuse’s Brightness Mystery Explained: Meet the Hidden “Betelbuddy” Star)

The thing is that many other giant stars have companion stars. Some of those companion stars are much lower mass than red giants or red supergiants. Some of them are far away from their giant companions. The distance from the dominating parts to the recessive companion can be over 2 ly. If the spectral class of another star is quite similar to the red supergiant or giant the central star of the binary star system the red supergiant or giant covers its light under it. 


https://scitechdaily.com/betelgeuses-brightness-mystery-explained-meet-the-hidden-betelbuddy-star/

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