"Researchers are using simulations and data from the South Pole Telescope to detect the faint Sunyaev-Zel’dovichn, kSZ effect, a key to understanding the Epoch of Reionization, when the first stars ionized the universe." (ScitechDaily, Cosmic Archaeology: Unraveling the Mystery of the Universe’s First Light)
"Imagine taking a journey back to the very early days of the universe, specifically, the start of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). That’s when the first stars and galaxies formed, and their energy separated the protons and electrons of the dense, dark primordial hydrogen gas that comprised the universe, producing bubbles of ionized gas." (ScitechDaily, Cosmic Archaeology: Unraveling the Mystery of the Universe’s First Light)
South Pole Observatory has a big mission. That is to find the first light. That term means photons, which came from the Big Bang or the first stars. The first light makes it possible to think about the location where the Big Bang happened. In modern models, black holes formed before the material.
The gravity effect formed those black holes straight from wave movement. That causes the theorem that some of those primordial black holes are trapped photons from the Big Bang to their orbiter.
"Scientists are studying the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), a period when the first stars and galaxies ionized hydrogen, illuminating the early universe. Using data from the South Pole Telescope and simulations, researchers aim to detect the faint kSZ effect, which helps understand the timing and process of reionization, even though they haven’t found the signal yet." (ScitechDaily, Cosmic Archaeology: Unraveling the Mystery of the Universe’s First Light)
It tells things like what stars looked like before planets especially rocky planets born. The photon's ability to make internal superposition makes it possible. That photon can close information into its internal state. The photon can carry exact information from the point. And conditions where it is born.
Modern quantum systems can trap photons. And drive information out from them using superposition and entanglement. The system reads that information like a quantum computer. But the problem is: how to find a photon that comes straight from the first stars?
Theoretically is possible to find those photons from the early, or young universe because it's possible. They scatter in some molecular clouds. And if those particles reflect enough effectively, that reflection can trap those photons from the early universe into that cloud for a very long time.
Or maybe, some theoretical primordial black hole pulled those photons to orbit it. Sometimes, a black hole releases photons. But the fact is that. It's hard to separate the first light from the light, that was born long after the Big Bang.
The thing that makes the first light research interesting is that there is no time on photons. Photons carry information the same way as the heavier particle, neutrino. The photon should exist forever if it once released. Information touches the photon like a plaque. And it's possible. That some first light photon carries information straight from the Big Bang.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunyaev–Zeldovich_effect
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