The new thorium-nuclear clock loses a second in a billion years.

"Researchers are developing a nuclear clock using thorium and ultraviolet lasers, promising unprecedented precision in timekeeping. This could enhance GPS accuracy, internet speed, and secure communications, while also allowing for deeper insights into fundamental physics. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily,Ultraprecise Timekeeping: This New Nuclear Clock Won’t Lose a Second in a Billion Years)

The principle of nuclear clocks is similar to the quartz clock. The energy impulse hits the piezo-electric crystal. Then that crystal sends an impulse to the detector or motor. The number of those impulses determines the accuracy of those clocks. In the nuclear clocks, the system gets its impulse from the radioactive radiation. The regular nuclear clocks use cesium which sends alpha and beta radiation in precisely calculated cycles.

Things like attosecond lasers can give ultra-high precision for clocks. They can give laser impulses to the sensor as time impulses, that fit in the short period measurement. However, nuclear clocks give long-term accuracy for time measurement.

But the problem is that. The naturally dividing cesium doesn't give enough accuracy to research the most extreme things in the universe. And that's why researchers need new and more accurate operating nuclear clocks. The new nuclear clocks base the fully controlled environment. Those new nuclear clocks can give new information about things like gravity waves. And they can also measure things like gravity fields.

The thorium nuclear clock that uses ultraviolet lasers as a stress system is the most accurate time measurement tool. When UV radiation hits the thorium bite. That energy impulse causes oscillation that the nuclear clock uses as a time impulse. The short-wave radiation makes it possible to maximize the time impulses in the time unit. And that allows the system to measure time with a very high accuracy. The X- and gamma-ray nuclear clocks would have a bigger accuracy.

"The development of the world’s first nuclear clock marks a milestone in precision measurement, using thorium atomic nuclei for enhanced accuracy. This prototype represents a leap forward in timekeeping technology, with potential impacts on various scientific fields. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Precision Meets Power in the World’s First Thorium Nuclear Clock)

Two nuclear clocks in the ship or aircraft's bow and tail can act like a gravity compass.

Making measurements of things like gravity waves is not very easy. The gravity waves are a global phenomenon. Normally nuclear clocks measure gravity fields in pairs. That means another nuclear clock is outside the gravity field. And then, another is in the gravity field. The system bases the idea that the gravity field affects another nuclear clock, that is in the gravity field, and changes its functions.

The measurement of the gravity waves happens using nuclear clocks that calculate the impulses that the radioactive element gives. The detector is like paper that travels under the pen. The system marks the points to the paper when the nuclear clock gets impulses. The number of points in a certain distance is the time dilation. The gravity wave measurement happens like this.

The two nuclear clocks start their operation precisely at the same moment. The first nuclear clock measures that the non-normal effect starts as an example in the point of impulse 1001. And then the other nuclear clock sees the difference when the gravity wave reaches it. That point can be the impulse number 1003. So, the nuclear clocks calculate impulses, not the time like September 7, 2024, 11:20. If researchers want to observe fast-moving things like gravity waves, they must make nuclear clocks that give enough impulses in time units, that can detect the time dilation.

Gravitational fields can be excellent navigation tools. If we had the map of Earth's gravitational field with high enough accuracy. That would make it possible to use that gravity field as navigation. The nuclear clocks can observe the changes in the gravitational field. There can be two nuclear clocks in the ship or aircraft. The other is in the bow, and another is in the tail. The system should measure differences in the gravity field and those two nuclear clocks act like gravity compasses. The gravitational field can offer an error-free navigation tool. But that requires very high-accurate nuclear clocks.

https://scitechdaily.com/precision-meets-power-in-the-worlds-first-thorium-nuclear-clock/

https://scitechdaily.com/ultraprecise-timekeeping-this-new-nuclear-clock-wont-lose-a-second-in-a-billion-years/

The hydrogen-burning supernovas are interesting models.

"Researchers discovered a significant magnesium anomaly in a meteorite’s dust particle, challenging current astrophysical models and suggesting new insights into hydrogen-burning supernovas. (Artist’s concept.)Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Rare Dust Particle From Ancient Extraterrestrial Meteorite Challenges Astrophysical Models) If the star is too heavy when its fusion reaction starts, it can detonate just at that moment, when its fusion starts. If the collapsing nebula is heavy enough, it can form a black hole straight from the nebula. But if the nebula's gravity is too heavy to form the blue giant or too small it can collapse straight into a black hole . If the forming star is a little bit larger than the blue supergiants. It can explode immediately when the fusion starts. The theory of hydrogen-burning supernovas consists model of the giant stars that explode immediately after their fusion starts. When the interstellar nebula falls it can form

Transcendence, or the ability to transcendent thinking may grow in teen's brains.

"New research has discovered that transcendent thinking, which involves analyzing the broader implications of situations, can foster brain growth in adolescents. This form of thinking enhances brain network coordination, impacting developmental milestones and future life satisfaction. The study emphasizes the need for education that encourages deep, reflective thought, underscoring the critical role of adolescents in their own brain development". (ScitechDaily, Scientists Discover That “Transcendent” Thinking May Grow Teens’ Brains) "Scientists at USC Rossier School of Education’s Center for Affective Neuroscience, Development, Learning and Education (CANDLE) have discovered that adolescents who grapple with the bigger meaning of social situations experience greater brain growth, which predicts stronger identity development and life satisfaction years later". (ScitechDaily, Scientists Discover That “Transcendent” Thinking May Grow Teens’ Brains) The transcendenc

It's time for the Santa Claus machine.

The 3D printing systems connected to the internet make the "internet of physical things" possible. The system is based on the idea that the CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided Design/ Computer-Aided Manufacturing) tools can operate remotely. The fully automatized 3D printing tools require only CAD drawings. The new high-temperature 3D printers can work with the strongest metals like Wolfram and Titanium. The system uses the metal powder that plasma or lasers can melt like in a plastic printing system. Then laser scanners and laser machine tools system finalize the object. The system can use real-time images to detect things like bubbles inside the object. The system can operate in a vacuum that denies the oxygen effect to the object. The laser systems and high-resolution scanners can copy even the scratches from the master object to copy. The price of those systems is not very high. It is about $ 80,000- $1000,0000. 3D printers can make merchandise like machine parts or even weapons. I

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